Identifying the impacts of liquidity shocks on spending decisions is difficult methodologically but important for theory, practice, and policy. Using seven different methods on microenterprise loan applicants, we find striking results. Borrowers report uses of loan proceeds strategically, and...

Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. History of Inclusive Finance Development in China -- Chapter 3. China's Financial Inclusion Policy Framework -- Chapter 4. Organization System of Inclusive Finance in China -- Chapter 5. Infrastructure of Inclusive Finance in China -- Chapter 6. Innovation...

Many reforms have taken place in Indonesia following the Asian financial crisis of 1997 - 1998. The government has embarked upon institutional transformation, making the country one of the region's most vibrant democracies. In social, economic, and political areas, Indonesia has seen much...