assurance scheme (QAS) were decided as responses by fruit and vegetable producers to market conditions, separating certification … implementation of QMS and binary probit for the choice of QAS. It is found that the buyers' demand for certification and the efforts … can lead to the diffusion of certification. Because the absence of information provision and the controls exerted by …

world trade. This report gives an overview of standards and certification programs relevant for fruit and vegetable …Over the past 20 years the number of standards and certification programs for agricultural production has grown rapidly … different niche markets for which specific requirements have to be fulfilled. While the adoption of voluntary standards may …