Free-market economics has shown that competition in the marketplace results in identifiable and agreed upon prices which maximize the value of a particular asset. Thus, if an asset is maximally valued under perfect competition, then can regulation of an asset ever increase its value? This paper...

The requirement that a grantee of a government-granted franchise use that franchise was a widespread assumption in all western legal regimes since the thirteenth century. In particular, intellectual property (IP) had reduction to practice or working requirements which have now faded from the...