In this paper, I present and discuss a theory of management control based on Transaction Cost Economics. This theory specifies the composition of various archetypal control structures, and links these to their respective habitat. These are: (1) arm's length control; (2) machine control; (3)...

KPMG is one of the leading audit and accounting firms globally - the Big Four. Due to the recent regulations and the increasing globalization, the Big Four are required to differentiate. The literature review shows that the largest accounting firms are reasonably similar in terms of operations,...

This paper presents evidence on audit market concentration and auditor fee levels in the UK market in the crucial period of structural change following the PricewaterhouseCoopers' (PwC) merger and encompassing Andersen's demise (1998-2003). Given the current interest in auditor choice, analysis...

This study investigates the relationship between managers' abnormal disclosure tone and opportunistic behaviour in managerial accounting, grounded in agency theory. Using a quantitative ex-post-facto design, we analysed data from 1411 annual reports of 143 companies listed on the Tehran Stock...

We find that Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) had two significant effects on the audit market for nonpublic entities. The first short-run effect stems from inelastic labor supply coupled with an audit demand shock from public companies. As a result, private companies reduced their use of attested financial...

Limited access of small enterprises to reliable and well-prepared information about their condition is mentioned as one of the main barriers to small business development. One of the key types of information used in management is financial information. It concerns the resources and financial...

The purpose in this study is to constitute and test a framework of factors that might impact auditors' perceptions on tasks towards internet reporting. The study employs a questionnaire to practicing auditors from audit firms in Egypt in the year 2007 to examine auditors' perceptions on tasks...

The representation of the average periods of maturation in the axes of a radial chart allows us to know the financial position reached by companies at the end of an economic year or in a certain period. The angular indicators obtained from the application of the cosine and sine theorems,...

While tax avoidance strategies result in greater after-tax cash flows, they can involve uncertain future outcomes, which can impose significant costs on firms. Thus, the extent to which tax avoidance increases firm risk is unclear. This paper re-examines the relation between tax avoidance and...