This paper first reviews some of the main contributions of the new institutional economics to the analysis of the process of competitive transformation of network industries. It shows that neo-institutional analysis is complementary to the microeconomics of rational pricing, since it accounts...

Distribution system operators (DSO) are starting to implement market-based mechanisms to use the flexibility offered by distributed energy resources (DER) such as electric vehicles (EV). Several European countries are trialing a range of real-life tests and market designs, and local flexibility...

This booklet shares some of the research carried out by the Florence School of Regulation since 2010. We have looked at various areas: from smart grids to Schengen-like energy agreements, and from incentive regulation to European Gas Target Model.