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Since the Watergate scandal, campaign finance reform has been the focus of a great deal of national attention. Legislation has attempted to limit the amount that individuals or various entities may contribute to candidates or spend on political advertising or campaigns. Although the public...
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Crises force us to stop and think. This paper examines the prospect of deep reform of national planning in Africa in response to COVID-19. The paper is a contrasted case study of Kenya and Uganda. The attempt at generalisation across Africa draws on a shared history of state formation. And a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012825259
The article considers perceptions of the new Russian energy policy in the oil and gas sector in Eastern Europe with a particular focus on the Polish perspective. The paper explains the regional reservations in Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Baltic States to the Russo-German cooperation on the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014207286
We investigate whether issuers that choose to forgo a bond rating suffer an interest cost penalty greater than the cost of the rating. We use estimated ratings provided by Moody's Investor Service to proxy for what the rating would have been if it had been purchased. We find that the primary...
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In order to alleviate unemployment it is often recommended to reduce social security contributions (SSC) and to compensate for the ensuing loss in revenues by a rise in the value-added tax (VAT). Assuming unemployment to be caused by efficiency wages, it is shown that a balanced-budget shift...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10001399322
In an efficiency wage economy with variable profits, a shift from payroll to employment taxes will reduce unemployment if the tax level is held constant at the initial wage. However, unemployment will rise if firms are constrained to zero profits in the long-run and if tax revenues are constant....
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