Cet article explique comment l’Irlande a intégré les principes des économies d’énergie dans les écoles primaires et post-primaires et donne une vue d’ensemble des projets qui ont contribué à étayer cette démarche.

The International Chamber of Commerce's adoption of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) effective July 1, 2007, provides an opportune time for a handbook that explains the mechanics of international sales, the role banks play in them, and the use of documentary...

Letter of credit law wisely emphasizes the need for a strict compliance rule when the beneficiary of a letter of credit presents documents to the issuer. Any other rule, especially a rule of substantial compliance, would render the issuer's document checkers adjusters charged with commercial...

The law of abstract payment undertakings fashions a rule that the undertakings are, as their name implies, independent of the transactions out of which they arise. That independence principle admits of an important exception if the beneficiary of the undertaking fraudulently seeks payment when...

The Law of Letters of Credit - Commercial and Standby Credits is the fourth edition of a traditional treatise on a rather narrow legal subject. Letters of credit fall into two categories: (1) commercials, which find use in international sales; and (2) standbys that are a common device in many...

The following preface and chapter describe an effort to convince readers (business people, bankers, and lawyers) that the standby letter of credit is a handy, flexible, commercial device that can support virtually any business activity and often without a battery of lawyers or letter of credit...

This article addresses the insolvency of the letter of credit transaction's participants. In the first and second parts of a three-part article, which appeared in prior issues of The Banking Law Journal, the author discussed the insolvency of the beneficiary of the credit and the insolvency of...

In this article Professor Dolan argues that the law should mandate attorney's fees in much letter of credit (“LC”) litigation. The argument rests on the notion that litigation itself, notwithstanding the results it obtains, transforms the LC, a unique commercial bank product, into an...

In this article, which was published in 128 Banking Law Journal 116 (2011), Professor Dolan contends that the Ontario Court of Appeal created havoc with letter of credit law in Ontario by imposing on letter of credit issuers serious burdens requiring the policing of the underlying commercial...