Russian Abstract: Целью данной статьи является анализ результатов финансово-экономической деятельности частных акционерно-паевых предприятий в условиях перестройки...

The purpose of this paper is neither to present a balance sheet of the pros and cons of the UN and its agencies nor to evaluate their overall performance. Instead, it will ask three fundamental questions about the UN: first, what exactly was the original, core, mission of the UN, and why was it...

Emerging technologies have consistently assumed a significant part in armed conflict. From the crossbow to nanotechnologies, innovation that could be weaponized to make a benefit over an enemy has unavoidably tracked down its direction into military stockpiles for use in outfitted struggle. The...

How did religious freedom emerge? I address this question by building on the framework of Johnson and Koyama’s Persecution & Toleration: The Long Road to Religious Freedom (2019). First, I establish that premodern societies, reliant on identity rules, were incapable of liberalism and religious...

How did religious freedom emerge? I address this question by building on the framework of Johnson and Koyama (2019). First, I establish that premodern societies, reliant on identity rules, were incapable of liberalism and religious freedom. Identity rules and restrictions on religious freedom...

Recent histories of Ancient Greece describe a transition from customary law to public criminal justice between 800 and 400 B.C. This narrative contains three pieces of evidence against the presumption that prisons are a public good and government must provide incarcerations. First, before the...

This essay reviews Escape from Rome by Walter Scheidel. It examines the argument that Europe's persistent fragmentation following the collapse of the Rome empire is responsible for the origins of the modern world. First, I consider Scheidel's argument that the rise of Rome at the end of the...

Nearly 400,000 Black men were drafted into the National Army during World War I, where they toiled in segregated units and received little formal training. Leveraging novel variation from the WWI draft lottery and millions of digitized military and NAACP records, we document the pioneering role...

This chapter evaluates the concept of legal capacity and how it is employed in research in historical political economy. I discuss its relationship to the wider literature on state capacity, research on the rule of law, and the literature on legal origins. I go on to outline how the concept of...

Based on the perspective of central-territory resource allocation, this paper will investigate the influence of the strength of local cultural power on the preference of central-territory resource allocation and the degree of responsiveness to the central government under the shift of identity...