Government expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP is the measure often employed to gauge the quantity of public resources devoted for the purpose. However a better measure is per student expenditure, for two reasons. First, it does not require an arbitrary base like the GDP. Second, due...

The paper tries to capture the research and understanding along with innovations and policy reforms in assuring quality school education to all, with a particular focus on the poor. The scope is global but the problems and innovations in India get more weight in the document. It begins with...

Standard modeling procedures treat the behavior of economic variables using stochastic-determinate equations. Two alternatives to this approach arose in the last quarter of the twentieth century: deterministic nonlinear equation models and agent-based models. The class of deterministic nonlinear...