Linear programming approach to economic modelling of petroleum refining has important shortcomings that make it less useful and less robust for the purposes of impact assessments of related policies. These have to do with its natural inability to calibrate observed data and obtaining jumpy...

This paper modifies the well-known conjectural variation model of Clarke and Davis (1982) by taking into account partial cross ownership (PCO) links among firms. It is shown that, unlike in the no PCO case, the link between firms' price-cost margins and the degree of tacit collusion is nonlinear...

The OURSE (Oil is Used in Refineries to Supply Energy) model is used to assess ex post the likely impact on the performance and international competitiveness of the EU refineries of the main EU legislation included in the EU Petroleum Refining Fitness Check (REFIT) study. Given the (dis)similar...

This document explores the potential for the use of a market-based instrument to contribute to reducing the emissions of particulate matter of less than 10 micrometres from household heating appliances in the framework of the review of the Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution. The study is focused...