By comparing the Somali experience with piracy to the emerging situation in the Gulf of Guinea, I show that increases in the enforcement aspects of state capacity in Gulf of Guinea states are necessary but not sufficient tools to combat the emergence, growth, and institutionalisation of piracy....

From a game theoretical perspective, a prerequisite for an international fishery agreement (IFA) to be stable is that parties expect their benefits from joining the agreement to exceed the benefits from free riding on the agreement, and parties only comply with the agreement as long as this is...

This Article posits that in its role as the lead agency among the United States' natural resources trustees, the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration's piecemeal assessment of natural resources damages, i.e., valuing one dead bird at a time or the death of just a tract of marsh, fails...

In the game theory literature, Garrett Hardin's famous allegory of the tragedy of the commons has been modeled as a variant of the Prisoner's Dilemma, labeled the Herder Problem (or, sometimes, the Commons Dilemma). This brief paper argues that important differences in the institutional...

This study examines the spatial nature of optimal bioinvasion control. We develop a spatially explicit two-dimensional model of species spread that allows for differential control across space and time, and we solve for optimal spatial-dynamic control strategies. We find that the optimal...

Cluster analysis by k-means algorithm by R programming applied for the geological data analysis is the scope of the presented paper. The research object is the Mariana Trench, a hadal trench located in west Pacific Ocean. The study evaluates the similarity of the geological data by the analysis...

The presentation shows using Erdas Imagine software for processing remote sensing data with a case study of Landsa TM images classified to detected land cover types in Aegean region, west Turkey. Two images were processed using Erdas Imageine, classified and changes in landscapes compared. The...

Interest payments based on income flows are a common feature of informal loans. Such so-called 'interlinked loans' can be seen as an insurance against very low disposable incomes, as interest payments are lowest when income turns out to be low. This paper examines whether interlinked loans...

Water resources are crucial for the continuity of life. Humans and living species need fresh water for drinking and sanitation, while industries in most sectors of the economy need water for some part of production processes themselves. Access to fresh water is a grand challenge at the global...

This article addresses one of the main threats for the marine ecosystem: Ocean Acidification. Caused by anthropogenic CO2 emissions, it affects the whole marine ecosystem. To cope with it and lower its negative socio-economic effects, it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive adaptation strategy...