This paper analyzes the inequalities and convergence across countries using data on the top 100 players in chess and tennis. We explore the impact of time trends and exogenous global shocks on countries' representation in the top 100 players' lists in a manner akin to a natural experiment,...

Gaelic games are traditional Irish amateur sports, two of which are Gaelic football and hurling. Although the sports are amateur, the advances that have taken place in the games over the past decade have increased the commitments required of players, particularly those playing senior...

One of the beautiful things about football is that it brings people from all over the world together to share their love of the game. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of football on happiness using the number of points a country has in FIFA. To achieve this, we specify and estimate...

We propose a fundamental valuation model for sports clubs and stadia using discounted (adjusted) revenues. We argue that a sports club is a "quasi firm" that aims to balance budgets, achieve an efficient allocation of financial resources, and maximize revenues. Under this objective the sports...

This study investigates the presence and variation of home bias across different hierarchical levels in German men’s football. Based on an extensive dataset comprising 357,530 matches from the 2023/2024 season—collected via a Python script—the analysis includes match outcomes, attendance...

The increasing integration of technological aids, such as the video assistant referee (VAR), is fundamentally transforming decision-making processes in professional football, especially influencing critical match moments. Penalty kicks, characterised by technical simplicity but intense...

Background and purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to present financial literacy (FL) and consumer over-indebtedness (OI) according to the primary survey in Poland. The auxiliary aim is to analyse the importance of financial literacy in reducing consumer over-indebtedness from...

This study aimed to investigate the influence of economic, cultural, and lifestyle factors on food consumption patterns in 31 European and associated countries between 2010 and 2020. A panel econometric model with random effects was used to analyse data from international sources, including GDP...

This paper examines the causal impact of the working environment on worker performance and explores the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, we use games from the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) as our research sample and exploit the "neutralvenues policy" induced by COVID-19 to address...

Being versatile -having the ability to perform different functions- can be a desirable trait for firms that must compete in different environments. However, attaining versatility may come at the high cost of sacrificing the kind of excellence that can only be achieved through specialization....