An aggressively scaled triple self-aligned split-gate floating-gate (FG) NOR-type dual-bit/cell (NORD) flash cell with a common select-gate (SG) was fabricated at 55-nm node technology. Both FG- and SG-length, for the first time, were scaled down to sub-80 nm and sub-60 nm in our NORD flash,...

Drawing on tournament theory, we argue that when environmental goals are incorporated into the cadre evaluation system, compared to officials who are close to retirement (i.e., retiring officials), non-retiring officials may exert more effort to foster risky green innovation. Based on a sample...

Violence against children, especially trafficking, is a global concern. This paper proposes that nearby educational institutions can help reduce such violence. Using a quasi-experiment in China from 1999, where university campuses were exogenously established, the study shows that these...