When judged either by educational attainment of adult population or by secondary and tertiary enrollment rates, Albania by 2002 compared very unfavorably to most European countries, including its neighbors. This study examines the determinants of secondary enrollment applying unobserved family...

Economists use various metrics for measuring income inequality. Here, the most commonly used measures-the Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, decile ratios, the Palma ratio, and the Theil index-are discussed in relation to their benefits and limitations. Equally important is the choice of what...

The European Social Survey data are used to analyze informal employment in 30 countries, focusing on employees without contracts and on informal self-employed workers (who are distinguished from formal workers). Overall the size of informal employment decreases from South to West to East to...

This paper looks into institutional and other macro determinants of prevalence of informal dependent employment, as well as informal self-employment, in European countries, using European Social Survey data on work without legal contract in on 30 countries, covering years 2004-2009. Consistently...

We use a comprehensive dataset from Denmark that combines online job advertisements with a matched employer-employee dataset and a firm-level dataset with value added and revenue information to study the relationship between vacancy-posting and various firm outcomes. We find that posting a...

We use comprehensive data from Denmark that combine online job advertisements with a matched employer-employee dataset and a firm-level dataset with information on revenues and value added to study the relationship between vacancy-posting and various firm outcomes. Posting a vacancy is...