This Paper gives the results of the Author’s in-depth analysis of the European traded gas hubs in 2020, as well as explaining the ‘LNG effect’ on increased volumes in Belgium, France, and Spain in particular. The purpose of the analysis is to confirm that the hubs are all still relevant...

This Paper analyses the results of the trading data in 2024 for the European traded gas hubs, to give a fuller picture of the recovery after the very turbulent period from 2020 to 2022, where the various hubs now stand and, more importantly, to establish whether the Dutch TTF can now credibly be...

European gas markets experienced a very turbulent period from 2020 to 2022, which led to the lowest ever northwest European gas prices at the end of May 2020, then several strong rallies led to four successive ‘highest ever’ prices, the most recent being in August 2022. After each of those...