Perishable products are now becoming more perishable due to an increase in the rate of technology innovation, changing customer behavior and increase in the number of competitors. Therefore, managing perishable products in the supply chain is quite difficult, and enhancing profit in perishable...

Inventory costs are the major costs in production costs, so in order to gain global competitive advantage and to obtain a stable position in the market for one's product, one needs to reduce the inventory in the entire supply chain rather than optimizing at a single location. This study focuses...

Dynamic pricing means varying price over time. This technique should be used in perishable products along its product life cycle to enhance profit along the supply chain. It is relatively difficult to manage the inventory for perishable products due to uncertainty in demand and short life cycle....

The inventory planning problem was first addressed with assumptions of a single echelon and a single non-perishable product with deterministic independent demand without any constraints; but now, the research has shifted to a multi-echelon supply chain inventory planning with many constraints...

Today, one can find that supermarket chains are putting all efforts to control and manage the inventory so that they can decrease cost, improve service quality and increase product availability in order to enhance customer satisfaction. It is relatively easy to control and manage the inventory...

Product substitution refers to the use of product configuration Y to satisfy the demand for product configuration X when there is a stock-out for product configuration X in a multi-product configuration environment. Both product configuration X and Y are from the same product family where...