"Research has shown that the pandemic has had a profound impact on the dimensions of environmental uncertainty. With the advent of technology, marketing and advertising have undergone constant development and refinement in order to adapt to the growing needs of buyers and investors alike. This...

This paper uses the Bayesian model averaging approach to investigate the effects of trade openness on environmental quality in 64 selected developing countries for the period of 2003-2017. We find no evidence of a statistically significant effect of trade openness on environmental pollution in...