The fact that Europe is lagging behind in comparison with its main competitors in the research and innovation … finally the follow-up communication of the Commission presenting a broad-based innovation strategy for the EU. …

This paper investigates the interplay between social capital, innovation and per capita income growth in the European … Union. We model and identify innovation as an important mechanism that transforms social capital into higher income levels …. In an empirical investigation of 102 European regions in the period 1990-2002, we show that higher innovation performance …

economists. The main contribution to the literature is in using the type of education as main explanatory variable for innovation … results depend on the underlying definition of innovation, as robustness checks show. …

innovation. Intellectual property rights protection allows the incumbent firms to capture part of the rents of commercial … generate new knowledge. This has a positive impact on entrepreneurship and innovation. However, after some point, further …

innovation-friendly environment, resulting in a low export ratio given the small size of the country and its long-time EU …