for the idea that Scottish households experienced particularly great variations in income, causing them to commit to … overcrowding. We provide evidence that Scottish workers generally spent their rent reduction entirely on food, rather than saving. …

industries high rent and overcrowding are more prevalent. Within cities, but not between cities, variations in infant mortality …

We use British panel data to determine the exogenous impact of income on a number of individual health outcomes … allow us to make causal statements regarding the effect of income on health, as the amount won by winners is largely … exogenous. Positive income shocks have no significant effect on general health, but a large positive effect on mental health …

We argue that independent entitlement to income is important. This implies that earnings replacement benefits paid to …. The argument also highlights the need to consider gender differences in the receipt of income. We explore the implications …

turn results in systematic differences in the estimated magnitude and significance of the health-income gradient …

In this article we examine the change in the mix of income and benefits that older adults receive as they age, with a … focus on older women. Our study is a crossnational comparison of five OECD countries using the Luxemburg Income Study … database. We investigate the change of private income and social benefits following synthetic cohorts for two decades. Our …

Great strides have been made in reducing poverty amongst the elderly in most rich countries over the past forty years …. But pensioner poverty has not been eradicated, especially in the English-speaking nations. Poverty rates amongst older …, poverty rates rise with both age and changes in living arrangements though living alone has a larger effect for women. Poverty …

-data and microsimulation models to illustrate the influence of market income patterns, household structures and social … public and private sources. The aim is to establish how social benefits, and the taxes needed to finance them, affect income … levels and disparities across different age groups. Results are compared across nine OECD countries using household micro …

We propose a framework for comparing the relationship between poverty and personal characteristics across countries (or … across years), and use it to compare levels and patterns of relative poverty in the USA, Great Britain and Germany during the … 1990s. The higher aggregate poverty rates in the USA and in Britain relative to Germany were mostly accounted for by higher …

Until now there have been no national estimates of the extent of poverty in Britain at the turn of the 20th century …. This paper introduces a newly-discovered household budget data set for the early 1900s. These data are more representative … deficiencies. We use these data to estimate urban poverty in the British Isles in 1904. Applying Bowley's poverty line we find that …