Re-licensing requirements for professionals that move across borders are widespread. In this paper, we measure the returns to an occupational license using novel data on Soviet trained physicians that immigrated to Israel. An immigrant re-training assignment rule used by the Israel Ministry of...

We analyze how an entry regulation that imposes a mandatory educational standard affects entry into self-employment and occupational mobility. We exploit the German reunification as a natural experiment and identify regulatory effects by comparing differences between regulated occupations and...

We analyze how an entry regulation that imposes a mandatory educational standard affects entry into self-employment and occupational mobility. We exploit the German reunification as a natural experiment and identify regulatory effects by comparing differences between regulated occupations and...

We analyze how an entry regulation that imposes a mandatory educational standard affects entry into self-employment and occupational mobility. We exploit the German reunification as a natural experiment and identify regulatory effects by comparing differences between regulated occupations and...

We analyze how an entry regulation that imposes a mandatory educational standard affects entry into self-employment and occupational mobility. We exploit the German reunification as a natural experiment and identify regulatory effects by comparing differences between regulated occupations and...

Using longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the German Socio-Economic Panel, this research compares pathways into self-employment among men and women in the United States and Western Germany. Academic and vocational credentials are more important for stabilizing...

Das Vorhaben der EU-Kommission, die Zugangsreglementierungen zu den Berufen innerhalb der Europäischen Staaten weiter aufzulösen, kann das deutsche Handwerk arg treffen. Denn 41 der 92 Gewerbezweige, die im "Gesetz zur Ordnung des Handwerks", kurz Handwerksordnung (HwO), aufgeführt sind,...

This study examines the extent and influence of occupational licensing in the U.S. using a specially designed national labor force survey. Specifically, we provide new ways of measuring occupational licensing and consider what types of regulatory requirements and what level of government...

Der Vorschlag der EU-Kommission zur Deregulierung Freier Berufe von 2003 sieht vor, reglementierte Berufe in einer Kategorie zusammenzufassen. Dadurch sollen Berufe verschiedenster Art mit Freiberufen regulatorisch zusammengefügt werden, die weder die bisher üblichen Voraussetzungen der...

Was sind Freie Berufe? Ihr Wesen, ihre Bedeutung für den Menschen als Individuum und als soziales Werk? Wen oder was fordern Freie Berufe heraus, wenn sie Anforderungen an die Wissenschaft stellen? Die Fragestellungen formulieren die Konfrontation der Selbstverständnisse von Freien Berufen und...