-permanent. Specific modalities related to non-permanence will need to be developed in order to include afforestation and reforestation … how to address non-permanence have been proposed, these being temporary credits and insurance of emission reduction … credits. This paper discusses the practicality and potential difficulties of the insurance approach for addressing non-permanence …

to lead to future releases of the CO2 stored. This „non-permanence“ must be considered if an environmentally sound policy … climate regime. It is based on existing rules and modalities regarding non-permanence of sequestration in the Land use, Land …

, permanence in forest carbon sinks in a context of uncertain opportunity costs and incomplete contract enforcement. The optimal … permanence is to be ensured. That is, as the carbon price increases, the payment could be raised and vice versa. …

In the late nineteenth century, the North American bison was brought to the brink of extinction in just over a decade …