This study estimates visitors' willingness to pay (WTP) for the economic, health and social benefits that they get by visiting the public parks. Primary data through a structured questionnaire was collected from 400 respondents using Bagh-i-Naran Park, situated in Hayatabad, Peshawar, Khyber...

Global warming and climate change are the outcomes of excessive carbon emissions (CO2) from the consumption of fossil fuels. To reduce the volume of CO2 and to overcome this challenging environmental problem, it is imperative to encourage renewable energy consumption (REC). Furthermore,...

Several studies investigate the various aspects of tobacco at the processing and cigarette manufacturing levels, but the profitability, supply response, and input demand of tobacco farms in Pakistan remain unknown. Our study fills this gap by examining farm-level profitability, input demand, and...

Value-at-risk (VaR) is a useful risk measure broadly used by financial institutions all over the world. VaR has been extensively used to measure systematic risk exposure in developed markets like of the US, Europe and Asia. This paper analyzes the accuracy of VaR measure for Pakistan’s...

By selecting a globally representative dataset of airline indices, this study demonstrates that oil price or oil price regimes (delineated by the first gulf war and the 9/11 terror attacks) alone do not have any significant implications for airline stock prices. Overall, these findings are...

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect that the increase in integration, culminating in the introduction of the euro currency, had on returns volatility across the different members of the currency union. We analyse the twelve countries that adopted the euro in January 2002, over the...

This paper introduces an alternate measure of idiosyncratic risk leveraged from the decomposition method to further eliminate the residual systematic risk inherent in the factor asset pricing model. Combining both complementary techniques contributes to a more comprehensive firm-level...

Using the panel vector autoregression (VAR) method, this paper documents relationships between investor attention and stock market activities; i.e., return, volatility, and trading volume, respectively. In sum, bidirectional dynamic interdependence of the SVI-stock market activities relationship...