exemption for so-called ministerial cartels under Section 8 GWB was discarded without replacement. Similar to the still existing … from the general ban on cartels under Section 1 GWB for "predominant reasons relating to the economy as a whole and the … the much-discussed instrument of ministerial approval under Section 42 GWB by a regulation on the exemption of cartels …

An antitrust authority deters collusion using fines and a leniency program. Unlike in most of the earlier literature …, our firms have imperfect cumulative evidence of the collusion. That is, cartel conviction is not automatic if one firm …

antitrust exemption, access rules to Judo tournaments, sale systems of media rights in European football as well as a unique …

An antitrust authority deters collusion using fines and a leniency program. It chooses the probability of an … investigation. Firms pick the degree of collusion: The more they collude, the higher are profits, but so is the probability of … inffective; it may even increase collusion. Increasing the probability of an investigation at low levels does not increase …

model scenario with differently informed consumers that MCCs primarily serve as a device to facilitate collusion instead of …

constrained. We show that collusion sustainability is non-monotonic in the size of the capacity constrained firm, which has little …

We analyze 15 German cartels, focusing on the personal characteristics of the individual participants, the methods and … frequency of communication as well as the internal organizational structures within the cartels and their eventual breakup. Our … trade associations. Most impressively, only two of the 158 individuals involved in these 15 cartels were female, suggesting …

Traditional economic theory of collusion assumed that cartels are inherently unstable, and yet some manage to operate … focuses on firms as entities, even though cartels are typically formed between individuals who need to develop structures that … allow them to establish trust and ensure cooperation. We analyze 15 German cartels, focusing on the individual participants …

Traditional economic theory of collusion assumed that cartels are inherently unstable, and yet some manage to operate … focuses on firms as entities, even though cartels are typically formed between individuals who need to develop structures that … allow them to establish trust and ensure cooperation. We analyze 15 German cartels, focusing on the individual participants …

preferences that guide such antitrust prosecutions remain understudied. We empirically examine the intertemporal shifts in U ….S. antitrust cartel prosecutions during the period 1969-2013. This period has seen substantive policy innovations with increasing …-2003, and 2004-2013. Our empirical estimates show significant variation in the number of cartels prosecuted and the penalties …