Telecommunication networks around the world develop towards All-IP next generation networks (NGN). This migration is driven by higher economies of scale and scope, price reductions for IP network elements, opportunities for new services and an improved experience for the end users. As the...

The review of the Universal Service Obligation (USO) has recently been debated in the European Union (EU). Under discussion there was the extension of the current universal service definition to include broadband access, for which some theoretical and empirical support exists. In fact the...

While the economic theories have come to the conclusion that discounts and price discrimination are enhancing welfare, an obligation to offer non-discriminatory prices has been implemented in the sector specific regulation for telecom operators enjoying SMP. Moreover, price discrimination has...

In September 2010 the Croatian regulatory agency (HAKOM) put in force the ordinance on technical requirements and conditions of use of optical distribution networks. With this ordinance the Croatian regulatory agency is looking over the rim by proposing a rather technical approach for the...

The telecommunications markets in the European Union have gone through a period of rapid technological as well as economic change. After the market opening in the late 1990s, the approach to regulate these markets has likewise changed over time. Whereas a sectorspecific framework dominated the...

The region of Lienz in Eastern Tyrol is a pioneer in municipal broadband networks and the activities take place in a state which itself also has a pioneering role in terms of how the public sector understands broadband issues. Over the last years, the 15 municipalities in the area of Lienz have...