of critical knowledge. Given that a patent specification has to include a clear description of the patented matter so … patent law. This paper provides a model identifying the incentives for firms to deliberately obscure their inventive … knowledge in a patent specification. …

commercialization of inventions. If the patent holder commercializes his invention, he has stronger incentives to retain the patent. The …, I take into account defensive patent strategies (e.g. deterring competitors from utilizing the patent) and pointedly ask … if there are any third factors (quality of the patent) that affect the commercialization and renewal decisions. Using a …

We analyze the strategic protection decision of an innovator between a patent and secrecy in a setting with … the disclosure requirement linked to a patent application as well as the problem of legally inventing around a patent can …

This article explores the propensity to patent in the light of the disclosure effect. Unlike earlier approaches … facilitating inventing around the patent for competitors. In our theoretical model, we find that the disclosure effect - contingent … on the competitive environment of the inventor - possibly has substantial negative effects on the propensity to patent …

In recent years, firms have increasingly contributed to and been confronted with a patent landscape characterized by … numerous but marginal inventions, overlapping claims and patent fences. Literature suggests that both the fragmentation of … ownership and the threat of a firm's patent applications being blocked by competitors' patents lead to increased patenting and …

This paper develops a methodology to compare the quality of examination services in different patent offices. Quality … is defined as the extent to which patent offices comply with their patentability conditions in a transparent way. The … of patent offices in Europe (EPO), Japan (JPO) and the US (USPTO) shows that their operational designs differ …

criteria of novelty or non-obviousness. In recent decades, many jurisdictions introduced patent reforms to avoid weak patent … applications and improve legal patent quality. In particular, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA), enacted into law in 2011 … any third party to question granted patents, possibly leading to patent revocation or scope reduction. This paper aims to …

invention (through patents) and the clinical trials data submitted for market approval (through data exclusivity). Patent … market exclusivity on the likelihood of drug commercialization. The effect is largely driven by patent invalidations early in …