African countries over the period 1988-2010. Our results show that growth and energy use are strongly linked in Africa …We make use of a bootstrap panel analysis of causality between energy use and economic growth for a sample of sixteen …. However, African countries are heterogeneous and there is no "one way" recommendation about energy-growth relationship that …

indicate that employment and energy use are strongly linked in Africa. Unidirectional causality from employment to energy use … estimates did not indicate any causality in Big African players like South Africa, Nigeria, Morocco, Ghana and Senegal. …

hypothesis. Thus, our findings suggest that not all MENA countries need to sacrifice economic growth to decrease their emission … growth. …

hypothesis. Thus, our findings suggest that not all MENA countries need to sacrifice economic growth to decrease their emission … growth. …

strongly linked in Africa. Unilateral causality is found from energy consumption to life expectancy and child under-5 mortality … for Senegal, Morocco, Benin, DRC, Algeria, Egypt, and South Africa. At the same time, we found a bilateral causality …

China has gradually recognized that the conventional path of encouraging economic growth at the expense of the …