both cases the decentralized outcome is not optimal due to two externalities: one occurs in the individual decision on … is qualitatively different. The different types of population externalities require different policy instruments in order …

This paper addresses the timing and interdependence between innovation and environmental policy in a model of research … and development (R&D). On a first-best path the environmental tax is set at the Pigouvian level, independent of innovation …. However, with finite patent lifetime, optimal innovation policy depends on the stage of the environmental problem. In the …

economic theory has restricted to either of them when submitting conventional policy instruments to a comparative analysis. The …

, hitherto environmental economic theory has restricted itself to either of them when submitting conventional policy instruments …

This paper analyzes stochastic productive pollution within a model of endogenous growth. The extent to which the agents … perceive their individual influence on aggregate pollution is parameterized. Recursive preferences allow for the separation … stochastic pollution tax, which is uncorrelated with the technological uncertainty of pollution, is compared with a pure …

This paper studies Krugman's (1991) core-periphery model and extends it to include environmental pollution. We present … local environmental pollution, a third and more realistic type of equilibrium may occur in which most of the manufacturing …

the relationships between population development, economic dynamics and environmental pollution are complex due to various … long-run steady state is optimal that is characterized by a stable pollution stock, and by population and economic growth …

In the past 15 years, incentive-based environmental policy instruments, such as pollution taxes and tradeable pollution … proposes a positive theory of environmental instrument choice that can be used to explain this trend. We imagine a democratic … society that seeks to lower the level of pollution from industrial production to a pre-specified target. The target can be …