The Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) was established to promote the exports of low-income countries to industrialized countries in order to support their economic growth and development. However, the design of these schemes is rather complex and the effects of GSP have been found to be...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are strangers, friends, or foes (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which...

World trade has grown exponentially during the last 60 years. Admittedly, it is not clear if this development can be assigned to international trade agreements like the World Trade Organization or the Generalized System of Preferences as previous empirical studies found contradicting results. In...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are strangers, friends, or foes (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which...

This paper presents a proposal for a regulatory regime aimed at reducing systemic risk effectively and internationally. Systemic relevance should be internalized with a levy (or tax), the level of which (or tax rate) rises with the systemic relevance of an institution (Pigouvian taxation). The...

Während der Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise 2009 brachen die deutschen Exporte stärker ein als die Importe. Inzwischen hat sich der Welthandel wiederbelebt. Die Autoren berechnen mit Hilfe des Gravitätsmodells die Außenhandelsentwicklung Deutschlands. Demnach dürften sich die Exporte...

Die Weltwirtschaft wächst seit einiger Zeit deutlich langsamer als früher. Die wirtschaftliche Dynamik bleibt hinter den Erwartungen zurück. Holger Zemanek, Bundesministerium der Finanzen, sieht, zumindest für Deutschland, keinen besorg­niserregenden, strukturellen Abwärtstrend bei den...

This paper investigates the relationship between the exchange rate regime and the degree of structural reforms using panel data techniques. We look at a broad sample of countries (the "world sample") and also an OECD sample. Our main findings suggest that adopting a fixed exchange rate rule is...