It is a common knowledge that the eastern enlargement of the European Union (EU) was an extremely important undertaking for both the New Member States (EU-10) and the "old Union" countries (EU-15). One of the most important effects was significant acceleration of the development of mutual trade...

This paper uses a survey among students at European universities to explore whether Russia's invasion of Ukraine has affected attitudes toward European integration. Some respondents completed the survey just before Russia's assault on February 24, 2022, and some did so just afterwards, thus...

The COP27 (United Nations Climate Change Conference) in November 2022 once again highlighted the fact that countries are starting from different positions when it comes to emissions and climate policy. This Weekly Report classifies countries into representative profiles based on their past,...

This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and Ukraine. The new update of the GSDB contains a total of...

This report systematically outlines the state of play in digital policy and Berlin’s current policy approach. It provides 48 recommendations for strengthening Germany’s efforts to build a confident, high-performing European digital economy embedded in an open, democratic, and rules-based...

Dieser Bericht gibt einen systematischen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der deutschen Digitalpolitik und den derzeitigen politischen Ansatz der Bundesregierung. Das Papier unterbreitet 48 Empfehlungen, wie sich Deutschland noch stärker um den erfolgreichen Aufbau einer soliden,...

The paper argues first that the climate, trade and water communities should leave aside their prejudices, and it provides clear evidence that the three communities confront the same vested interests when trying to solve their common problem of free riding. Then, it argues that such strong...

Nous avons créé un nouvel indice, l'Indice de Violence Interne (IVI), dont le but est de comparer le niveau de violence dans 130 pays en développement. L'IVI est un indice composite mesurant la violence interne sous différentes formes: conflits armés internes, criminalité, terrorisme et...

Die Spannungen in der Weltwirtschaft und die Sorge um eine zu starke wirtschaftliche Abhängigkeit Europas von China rücken Indien in den Blickpunkt. Dort leben knapp 18 % der Weltbevölkerung in einer demokratischen Staatsform. Allerdings beträgt die Größe des Marktes bestenfalls ein...

Tackling the crisis, readjusting the economic model: Rising energy prices, historically high inflation rates and ongoing supply chain bottlenecks are challenging Germany's long-standing industrial base. On top of that, entrepreneurs and the state alike are faced with new geopolitical tensions...