This paper empirically investigates the determinants of R&D diversification strategies in the drug industry. It … enriches the existing literature by proposing to look at diversification factors, which reflect market and technological …&D diversification is governed by the economies of scope as well as the escape competition motive. Moreover, it is found that competition …

this end we measure diversification for all German banks in the period from 1993 to 2002. As measures we use a broad set of … naive diversification across all industries or, alternatively, the economy's industry structure. With this framework our … in this context innovative group of distance measures. We find that different statistical measures of diversification may …

Should banks be diversified or focused? Does diversification indeed lead to enhanced performance and, therefore … banks? profitability (ROA) and their portfolio diversification across different industries, broader economic sectors and … performance benefits associated with diversification since each type of diversification tends to reduce the banks? returns …

tested on two cases namely Belgium and the Netherlands. Based on micro data on household income as found in the LIS database … in pension systems that are targeted and will be the lowest in universal systems. In Belgium (targeted minimum pension … than for elderly men and this gender difference is greater in the Netherlands than in Belgium. The paradox of …

that while a few households are very poorly diversified, the cost of diversification mistakes is quite modest for most of …