country to start a transition process towards democratization is not necessarily the one nearest to the free world. … simple model of transition and democratization is presented wherein we show that the effectiveness of repression by the … incumbent elite is a negative function of the distance to the free world. In consequence, there are conflicting effects of …

an oligarchy adopting a mass-army may voluntarily decide to promise some amount of income redistribution to its citizens … allows the elite to make credible commitments of future income redistribution in favor of the citizens, while a limited …

we combine individual-level data from the European and World Values Survey with macroeconomic and political variables for … (consensual crowding out). And finally, the more a government supports democratization, the lower is the individual's engagement … (participatory crowding out). Religiosity and a more unequal income distribution in a country increase individuals' willingness to …

This paper investigates the role of violent civil conflicts during the process of democratization for the quality of … different groups may engage in violent conflict in order to become the ruler predicts a crucial role of the democratization … scenario. A peaceful democratization leads to democracies with a high degree of civil liberties, reflecting a social contract …

we combine individual-level data from the European and World Values Survey with macroeconomic and political variables for … (consensual crowding out). And finally, the more a government supports democratization, the lower is the individual's engagement … (participatory crowding out). Religiosity and a more unequal income distribution in a country increase individuals' willingness to …

. Exploiting within-country variation to identify the effect of democratization during the Third Wave, we find evidence that the … effect of democratization is weaker than reported previously once one accounts for the incidence of conflict, while the … significantly reduce the incidence and onset of conflict, which suggests that part of the positive growth effect of democratization …

We study the role of trade liberalization, democratization and their interaction for technology adoption. A general … accelerate technology adoption if coupled with democratization but may lead to a slow down if these regime changes are imbalanced … variation and the heterogenous timing of openness and democratization. The results document the existence of robust positive …