but offsetting in Hungary and Romania, and from small effects of all types in Russia and Ukraine. The positive employment …

benefits arising from integrating into electronics GPNs have materialized in Hungary, an established player and the most … important electronics exporting country in the region, and Romania, a newcomer country in electronics manufacturing. To analyse …

large, positive, but offsetting in Hungary and Romania, and from small effects of both types in Russia and Ukraine. The …

. The positive effects emerge within a year in Hungary, Romania, and Ukraine and continue to grow thereafter, but are still … employing a wide variety of measurement approaches, we estimate that majority privatization raises MFP about 28% in Romania, 22 …% in Hungary, and 3% in Ukraine, with some variation across specifications, while in Russia it lowers it about 4 …

result from effects on scale, productivity, and costs that are large but offsetting in Hungary and Romania, and from small … Hungary and Russia are small (3-5%) negative wage effects found. Privatization to foreign investors has positive estimated …

models imply that majority privatization raises MFP about 15% in Romania, 8% in Hungary, and 2% in Ukraine, while in Russia …. Positive domestic effects appear within a year in Hungary, Romania, and Ukraine and continue growing thereafter, but take 5 …