central bank actions. We examine whether communication by the European Central Bank (ECB) adds information compared to the … ECB communication that are all based on the ECB President's introductory statement at the press conference following an … included in our Taylor rule model, the ECB communication indicators remain significant. …

The paper assesses the communication strategies of the Federal Reserve, the Bank of England and the European Central … Bank and their effectiveness. We find that the effectiveness of communication is not independent from the decisionmaking … process in the committee. The paper shows that the Federal Reserve has been pursuing a rather individualistic communication …

central bank actions. We examine whether communication by the European Central Bank (ECB) adds information compared to the … ECB communication that are all based on the ECB President's introductory statement at the press conference following an … included in our Taylor rule model, the ECB communication indicators remain significant. …

that rather than using the single short-term, low-risk interest rate as in current official statistics, reference rates … should more closely match the risk characteristics of loans and deposits. For the euro area, imputed bank output is, on …