China's rapid growth was fueled by substantial physical capital investments applied to a large stock of medium skilled labor acquired before economic reforms began. As development proceeded, the demand for high skilled labor has grown, and, in the past decade, China has made substantial...

It is widely argued that declining fertility slows the pace of economic growth in industrialized countries through its negative effect on labor supply. There are, however, theoretical arguments suggesting that the effect of falling fertility on effective labor supply can be offset by associated...

While the majority of micro studies finds that rural education increases agricultural productivity, various recent cross-country regressions analyzing the determinants of agricultural productivity were only able to detect an insignificant or even surprisingly negative effect of schooling. In...

Infrastructure is the economic growth theory of the market economy. The missing comprehensive approach to infrastructure corresponds to the practiced neglect of the long-term policy objective of economic growth in the economic order of the German social market economy since its creation after...

Die Entwicklung der Bevölkerung geriet in Deutschland infolge der gegenwärtigen Finanzkrise der öffentlichen Haushalte und der Systeme sozialer Sicherung in den Focus des öffentlichen Interesses. Die in den meisten hochentwickelten Ländern sich abzeichnende Alterung und Schrumpfung der...

In this article, an updated approach to investigate the effects of demographic fac- tors on economic growth is proposed. The initial hypothesis was that these factors significantly affected production proportions, determining development vectors. The predictable shifts in production dynamics are...

Against the backdrop of Baumol's model of unbalanced growth, a recent strand of literature has presented models that manage to reconcile structural change with Kaldor's stylized fact of the relative constancy of per-capita GDP growth. Another strand of literature goes beyond this, arguing that...

Empirical growth regressions typically include mean years of schooling as a proxy for human capital. However, empirical research often finds that the sign and significance of schooling depends on the sample of observations or the specification of the model. We use a nonparametric local-linear...

This paper shows that an accelerated increase in educational attainments in many East Asian countries derives from a dramatic augmentation of working population with vocational education relative to general education. This is consistent with the recent literature, which argues that the ratio of...

Although many U.S. state policies presume that human capital is important for state economic development, there is little research linking better education to state incomes. In a complement to international studies of income differences, we investigate the extent to which quality-adjusted...