There is a growing wave of concern for the embodied carbon in traded goods. One manifestation of that concern is large economies such as the USA and the European Union enacting climate-related trade measures, including border carbon adjustment. This paper reviews more than ten climate-related...

There is a growing wave of concern for the embodied carbon in traded goods. One manifestation of that concern is large economies such as the USA and the European Union enacting climate-related trade measures, including border carbon adjustment. This paper reviews more than ten climate-related...

Context and problem • The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) was introduced to prevent carbon leakage, and to incentivise global carbon pricing. The UK is set to introduce a CBAM in 2027 for the same reasons. However, this policy measure will face limitations in a...