Outsourcing public provision of services tends to lower labor intensity and increase its efficiency. Costs are usually lower, but quality problems can affect services like health care and residential youth care. Consumer choice has stimulated innovation in education, but the picture is ambiguous...

The decision to outsource public provision of services is multifaceted and context dependent. Doing so tends to lower labor intensity and increase its efficiency. Costs are usually lower, but quality problems can affect services like health care, though consumer choice has stimulated innovation...

To enhance the situational awareness of strategic readiness in Europe we look through two complementary angles. First, through a situational assessment of selected strategic readiness elements that have often been overlooked in Europe. Leveraging the newly augmented strategic readiness framework...

Die Dauer militärischer Beschaffungen zeigt die wirtschaftliche Notwendigkeit, Bedarfsträger und Bedarfsdeckung institutionell zusammenzuführen, um die Ausrüstung der Bundeswehr schneller und wirtschaftlicher zu beschaffen. Es erscheint sinnvoll, die Rüstungsplanung und -beschaffung unter...

Over the last decade, the defense industry has consistently obtained relevance on the agenda of public policies of the Brazilian government, among which it is worth highlighting the National Defense Industry Policy (2005), the National Defense Strategy (2008), and the Greater Brazil Plan (2011)....

The financial plans of the Greek Ministry of Defense (MoD) for the year 2013 include a big amount of money in support of the national defense system. Nevertheless, comparing MoD's annual budgets of the last two years, we can see that in 2013 less money than in 2012 were allocated to the MoD by...

This study shows that the level of corruption matters in how oil rents affect the military spending within countries. Using panel data covering the 1984–2014 period for the Middle East and North Africa countries, we find that the effect of oil rents on military budget depends on the extent of...

Over the last decade, the defense industry has obtained relevance on Brazilian public policies. Departing from the premise that the success of this process requires not only that the Armed Forces have modern equipment and skilled military to operate them, but also that the country retains the...

When investing in research and development (R&D), institutions must decide whether to take a top-down approach – soliciting a particular technology – or a bottom-up approach in which innovators suggest ideas. This paper examines a reform to the U.S. Air Force Small Business Innovation...

US military Research and Development (R&D) expenditures arguably represent the best example of mission-oriented policy. They are sizeable, with a clear-cut public purpose (national defense) and with the government being their exclusive beneficiary. Exploiting a longitudinal dataset linking...