Russia's unprovoked and unjustified full-scale invasion of Ukraine has significantly changed the geopolitical circumstances on the European continent and is also importantly reshaping the EU's enlargement policy.

Georgia has long been one of the most trade-open economies in the world. It joined WTO in 2000 and currently has a free trade agreement with the EU and EFTA, as well as with Turkey, the CIS and China. Georgia has been also one of the most business-friendly countries. The basic objectives of...

Already in 1994, Baldwin predicted the formation of the 'hub-and-spokes' model to describe the outcomes of economic integration across the European Union (EU) implying marginalization of the new EU member states. We examine the validity of this hypothesis by putting an emphasis on Visegrad group...

Kiev is not so far away from Brussels as one might expect. Ukraine already performs quite well when compared to the other countries in the queue for entry into the EU. Especially the fiscal and external debt figures are better than in other countries. On the negative side, there is a...

The EU has been one of the largest trade partners for so called Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries, namely Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Commodity turnover of these countries with the EU vary between 30% and 50% of total, but their access to the EU market is less...

Die Ukraine - nach wie vor eines der ärmsten Länder Europas - erreichte in den letzten Jahren ein kräftiges Wirtschaftswachstum. Von 2000 bis 2002 stieg das reale Bruttoinlandsprodukt um durchschnittlich 6,6 % pro Jahr, und im laufenden Jahr werden wohl fast 8 % erreicht. Im internationalen...

Im Jahr 2006 wird das Bruttoinlandsprodukt in der Ukraine nach Prognose des DIW Berlin mit 3 % und damit vergleichsweise gering wachsen. Nach einer fünfjährigen wirtschaftlichen Erholungsphase in den Jahren 2000 bis 2004 mit durchschnittlichen jährlichen Wachstumsraten von 7,4 % erlebt das...

Our mandate was to consider the economic feasibility and possible impact of a free trade agreement between the European Union and Armenia. The study has been conducted by a group of researchers from Poland, Ukraine, UK, US and Armenia. All have worked on this project in an independent capacity....

Our mandate was to consider the economic feasibility and possible impact of a free trade agreement between the European Union and Georgia. The study has been conducted by a group of researchers from Poland, Ukraine, UK, US and Georgia. All have worked on this project in an independent capacity....

CEPS established a template for EU strategy towards the Balkans already during the Kosovo war, and this was refined in the Ljubljana Declaration by the think tanks of the region (with CEPS) in July before the Sarajevo Summit. The subsequent evolution of policy in the region and of the EU and...