This paper examines the need for liner conferences, or cartels, in international shipping, and compares investment in shipping to investment in housing, an industry which is not usually organized into private cartels. Then the paper discusses how the quantity of goods being shipped is likely to...

Does faster economic growth increase pressure for democratic change, or reduce it? Using data for 154 countries for the period 1963-2007, we examine the short-run relationship between economic growth and moves toward and away from greater democracy. To address the potential endogeneity of...