The aim of this study is to analyse the role of social policies in different European welfare states regarding minimum income protection and active inclusion. The core focus lies on crisis resilience, i.e. the capacity of social policy arrangements to contain poverty and inequality and avoid...

This paper studies the role of social policies in different European welfare states regarding minimum income protection and active inclusion. The core focus lies on crisis resilience, i.e. the capacity of social policy arrangements to contain poverty and inequality and avoid exclusion before,...

This paper studies the crisis resilience of European welfare states. We analyse the capacity of social policy arrangements to contain poverty and inequality and avoid exclusion before, during and after periods of economic shocks. To achieve this goal, the paper takes a broad perspective to...

Dieser Beitrag untersucht, inwiefern das von Ludwig Erhard proklamierte Ziel "Wohlstand für Alle" in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Zeitraum 1962–2019 erreicht wurde. Die Analyse basiert auf einem Indikator, der das preisbereinigte Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf um die Ungleichheit in den...

Eine im Herbst 2022 gemeinsam von immowelt und vom ifo Institut durchgeführte Umfrage unter 12 000 Menschen in Deutschland zeigt, dass Beschäftigte, die zumindest zum Teil im Homeoffice arbeiten, seit Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie mit einer um 10 Prozentpunkte höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit...

This Policy Brief examines how minimum income support (MIS) schemes contribute to the stabilization of disposable incomes in times of crisis in Europe. MIS systems act as a "safety net of last resort" in many European welfare states, but to varying degrees. The results from the simulation of...

Middle class incomes in the EU are highest in Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, Austria, and Sweden, and lowest in Eastern European countries. The middle class in Bulgaria and Romania are at the bottom of EU nominal incomes, but their living costs are just half of the EU average. When accounting for...

After an initial policy emphasis on stabilizing jobs and income through job retention and various types of income support measures, more subsequent country responses to the economic shock generated by the COVID-19 pandemic also include policies to support labour market (re-)entry. This policy...

This policy brief provides an update on job retention policies in a sample of 20 countries representing the main world regions as well as the diverse types of job retention schemes, in particular short-time work, furlough and wage subsidy schemes as they have been implemented in response to the...

Economic and social disruptions caused by the COVID-19 crisis have particularly affected younger people, and therefore policy should respond with measures, programmes and initiatives targeted at this population group. Next to broader labour market and economic measures, which ultimately also...