economic development. The analysis of the rise of tourism in Egypt during the last three decades suggests that the effects of … decline of oil rent revenues during the 1980s tourism development was the optimal strategy to compensate for the resulting … fiscal losses. Increasing tourism revenues have helped in coping with macroeconomic imbalances and in avoiding more costly …

country case studies covering Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa and Sudan, as well as Africa …-Ukraine war on African economies and their resilience. The report finds that while direct trade exposure is low, Africa relies …

The founding of modern Egypt by Muhammad Ali Pasha required an appropriately modern economy, with industry following … the model of more advanced European states. The Pasha of Egypt in- volved himself personally in every phase of the … his country. This reform would enable the maintenance of absolute authority and the liberation of Egypt from the Ottoman …

The study focuses on the period 2004-09 during which Egypt experienced food crisis. The political economy context on …, agricultural, and economic policies in Egypt together with the structural aspects of the food subsidy policies are discussed and …