The new European framework directive contains a number of policy objectives in the area of net neutrality. In support of these objectives, the universal service directive includes a transparency obligation for ISPs. This paper proposes a multi-stakeholder model for the implementation of this...

Cloud computing is an important enabler for the digital economy. In addition to reducing costs, cloud computing can improve access to advanced IT solutions, boosting innovation and productivity across a wide range of sectors. As cloud computing has gained momentum, there has been an increasing...

In the third quarter of 2020, WIK-Consult updated its previous study of 2018 on challenges and opportunities regarding the switch-off of copper telecommunication networks in Europe (and the consequent migration to fibre networks). For this review questionnaires and interviews with NRAs and...

The wholesale only business model, in which fiber connections are only marketed at the wholesale level and not directly to end customers, is widespread in many European countries and is structurally different from vertically integrated models. In Italy, the wholesale only provider Open Fiber is...

Accelerating digitization along with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are both critical objectives for the European Union at this time. The modern generations of fixed and mobile network technologies FTTH and 5G can make significant contributions to digitization as well as improving...

EU legislation calls SMEs to contribute to the twin transition. This study analyses the cumulative costs of selected pieces of EU digital and green legislation on SMEs and explores the effectiveness of costs mitigation tools at their disposal. This document was prepared for the Policy Department...

WIK-Consult zeigt, dass erhebliche Einsparungen an CO2 Emissionen erzielt werden können, wenn in Europa das volle 6 GHz Frequenzband zur Nutzung durch moderne WiFi 6/ 6E oder zukünftig 7 Netze zugewiesen wird, anstelle nur der unteren Hälfte dieses Bandes wie bisher und einer Freigabe der...

COVID-19 has accelerated the shift to remote work. Enabling knowledge workers to do their jobs from home or elsewhere brings benefits by increasing labour participation, avoiding unproductive commuting time (thus reducing the carbon footprint), and reducing the gender gap by enabling single...

Promoting high-quality fixed and mobile broadband for all, at an affordable price, is an important enabler of the digital transformation of society and will help close the digital divide. This became clearer than ever during the pandemic, when broadband access was a crucial enabler of remote...