aggregation over countries. Our theory permits monitoring the effects of policy at the aggregate level over the euro area, while … also monitoring the distribution effects of policy among the countries of the euro area. Our approach requires the … simultaneous use of two inflation indexes over the euro area. …

This monthly monetary model for the euro area is gradually constructed from its two constituting components: a money …

more stable in the euro area than in other large economies. The paper concludes that there are three main explanations for … this fact. First, in some countries outside the euro area the sources of instabilities in money demand were country …-specific. Second, financial innovation appears to have had a weaker impact on money demand in the euro area than in other economies. A …

This paper re-examines two data issues concerning euro area money demand: aggregation of national data and measurement … of the own rate.The main purpose is to study if euro area money demand is subject to parameter non-constancies using …

The present paper analyses currency in circulation in the euro area since the beginning of the 1980s. After a … comprehensive literature review on this topic we present some stylised facts on currency holdings in the euro area countries as well … as at an aggregate euro area level. The next chapter develops a theoretical model, which extends traditional money demand …

autarchic (i.e. fundamental) FX returns. The model is calibrated and tested on the Czech koruna/euro exchange rate in a setting … with seven Czech and euro area asset returns. …

. Following a sample approach this evaluation has its geographical focus on four new member states (Estonia, Poland, Hungary and …

This paper presents one of the first studies of firm demographics in Estonia, focusing particularly on the processes of … results, derived from a novel database of Estonian firms, show that firm turnover has been rather high in Estonia during the …