Environmental policy is an art of execution. Hence the fact that European Union member states have recently managed to agree on targets of emissions to fight climate change leaves open the question of how they will meet them. Economics can not but embrace the scientific consensus on climate...

[eng] Contractionary budgetary policy is not the traditional government response to rising unemployment but it seems now to have become a common one for OECD governments irrespective of their political complexion. This changed attitude seems traceable to the almost universal growth in government...

[eng] The relative success of anti-inflationary policies and the excessive attention to short-term tend to conceal the trend evolutions of developed economies. Political consensus in favour of restoring the so-called « major (financial ?) equilibria » suppresses any discussion of the causes of...

[eng] Change and Continuity in the Orientation of OECD Countries' Macroeconomic Policies Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Jacques Le Cacheux The current world economic situation is obviously the inheritance of the various shocks and structural changes that occurred over the past fifteen years. However,...

[eng] Whereas the seventies' had been characterized by major changes in the relative prices of goods and services, the rise in real interest rates, from 1980 on, has initiated an era of turmoil in the financial markets. The various relative price shocks — the oil price hikes, the rising real...

[fre] Les années quatre-vingt présentent, pour les analyses macroéconomiques habituelles, des énigmes majeures, dont, aux premiers rangs, la persistance d'un chômage élevé en Europe et la désynchronisation des conjonctures américaine et européennes pendant la première moitié de la...

Parce qu’un projet économique est toujours fondé sur une doctrine d’essence politique, le hiatus entre intégration économique et projet politique n’existe que pour autant que le second demeure implicite. L’Europe économique est donc politique au premier chef et c’est pour cette...

Le problème principal de l’économie de l’environnement peut donc être défini à la fois comme la recherche d’un nouveau mode de croissance et la transformation d’un consensus moral sur les fins en moyens d’action politique. L’Union européenne est aujourd’hui le lieu où le...

Last year’s International Collaboration Project had helped to highlight several key determinants of potential growth in the European Union (EU): basing upon growth accounting techniques, the main difference between the EU and the US had been shown not to rest on total factor productivity...