The necessary and sufficient conditions for the perfect temporal aggregation of deterministic linear models are derived. For the models without true exogenous variables, they are: (1) the aggregated model must reduce to a system of difference equations of the same order and with basically the...

This paper argued the technological retard and its influence to stagnant economic growth in small least-developed countries. First, we measured the technological development by UNIDO's TCI and found that the level of technical complexities in island or inland countries was lower than the normal...

This article analyses models of a multi-regional economy with n regions and m factors, with a Cobb-Douglas or CES production function, and with or without economies of scale and Hicks-neutral technological progress, in which factors are imperfectly mobile as described by a revised gravity model....