Using the standard theoretical model of trade, we study the welfare effects of tourism for developing countries with particular reference to Sub-Saharan Africa. We show that tourism can reduce welfare for trade regimes dominated by export taxes or import subsidies. In addition, we argue that...

In this paper, the authors show that the welfare effects of an export promotion zone can be divided into a factor terms-of-trade effect and a volume-of-trade effect. The first effect raises welfare, whereas the second is uncertain. To date, however, the literature has ignored the factor...

The authors study the effects of growth and changes in the external terms of trade on protection. There are two sectors, an urban sector and a rural sector, and trade policy is used to redistribute income between them. The authors show that growth precedes trade liberalization. In addition, they...

We examine the relationship between the relative price of nontradables and real exchange rate movements for fixed exchange rate regimes. Using BLS CPI data, we show that purchasing power parity holds strongly for tradables across U.S. regions. As a result, nontradables play a central role in...

We compare price level and income convergence since 1870 for eleven developed economies using implicit price deflators derived from the GDP data of Maddison (1995, 2001, 2003). We find that "sigma" and "beta" convergence for prices occurs later and to a lesser extent than income. Price levels...

China’s more than ten thousand economic zones, while similar in some respects to those found elsewhere, exhibit various unique features. In most developing economies, zones are the responsibility of the central administration and are designed to promote exports or foreign investment. In...