This paper studies the transmission mechanism of G-5 exchange rate changes within each market and across the three major markets: London, New York and Tokyo. It is found that the volatility in both the London and New York markets leads that of Tokyo. In addition, the New York market slightly...

The essence of fractal analysis is seeking for a pattern that is independent of scale. This paper examines the existence of long-term memory in nine Asian stock markets together with US and UK indices using the modified rescaled-ranged (R/S) statistic. The modified R/S statistic is robust not...

This paper employs both linear and non-linear models to investigate the relationship between national defense spending and economic growth for Taiwan and China. Using data from 1953-2000 on defense spending, GDP, import, export and capital, we find that China's defense spending leads that of...

This paper estimates the demand for cigarettes using panel data – 42 states and Washington, D.C. – from 1961 to 2002. We first employ the panel unit root test before estimating the demand structure. We have found that (i) the price and income elasticities are approximately –0.41 and 0.06,...

We use cross sectional data (1995–2005 yearly averages) for 88 countries to investigate the nonlinear relationship between tourism development and economic growth when a threshold variable is used. The degree of tourism specialization (qi, defined as receipts from international tourism as a...

Applying sector stock prices and oil prices in 1991:01–2009:05 from the G7 countries we find oil price shocks do not significantly impact the composite index in each country. However, stock price changes in Germany, the UK and the US were found to lead oil price changes.