Many economists and antitrust experts claim that ocean shipping conferences are essentially legalized cartels. They often advocate eliminating ocean shipping conferences' antitrust immunity. This paper argues that conferences also help to coordinate their members' joint investments and thereby...

The benefits of supply chain innovations such as quick response (QR) have been extensively investigated. This paper highlights a potentially damaging impact of QR on retailer effort. By lowering downstream inventories, QR may compromise retailer incentives to exert sales effort on a...