R&D components are investigated in dynamic factor demand models, using a pooled data set. Models where information on R&D is (double or ) wrongly counted and (once or) correctly counted are compared by GMM estimates, (non-)nested GMM tests and residual analyses. The results indicate that R&D...

R&D components are investigated in dynamic factor demand models using pooled Japanese data. Models without R&D, with R&D (double or) wrongly counted and (once or) correctly counted are compared by means of GMM estimates, (non-)nested GMM tests and residual analyses. The results indicate that R&D...

Since their adoption in the 1970s, compliance with European Union (EU) procurement directives has been problematic. Many studies have reported on the effectiveness of the directives, mostly in terms of the impact on the openness of public procurement and the impact on cross-border trade....

Although the possibility to combine column generation and Lagrangian relaxation has been known for quite some time, it has only recently been exploited in algorithms. In this paper, we discuss ways of combining these techniques. We focus on solving the LP relaxation of the Dantzig-Wolfe master...

We describe an algorithmic approach to determine an efficient railway rolling stock circulation on a single line or on a set of interacting lines. Given the timetable and the passengers? seat demand, we develop a branch-and-price algorithm that results in an allocation of rolling stock material...

We derive a non-linear wage equation from a wage bargaining model and estimate an error correction model for Germany, Spain, France, the Netherlands and the US. Based on the estimated parameters, we derive time-varying elasticities of wages with respect to its determinants labour productivity,...

Country members of EMU as well as the United States have improved their fiscal positions during the course of the past decade. This article considers the impact of further government debt and deficit reductions in the EMU area. First the literature on government finance establishing the role of...

The fixed coefficient manpower requirements approach provides information on shifts in the occupational and educational structure of employment over time, but neglects the substitution between the various occupations and educational groups. In this study shifts in the structure of 83 occupations...