[eng] Proximity and location - The objective of this article is to pave the way for an analysis of the relations between proximity and localization. (I) We distinguish two types of proximity (geographical proximity and organized proximity) and propose a grid of analysis of the main models of...

This paper focuses on the emergence of smart cities and on the coordination problems of service innovation in this sector. Through a review of the literature on Smart Cities, the paper confronts the various visions of the smart cities concept. Two visions are particularly pinpointed, but also...

The use of information and communication technologies to develop services for optimizing urban networks (energy, water, transport ...) and develop new services such as urban mobility services is one of the most promising area of territorial innovations. This is the field of smart cities. But...

L'enseignement et, plus généralement, l'apprentissage de connaissances constituent un domaine important d'application des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC). Déjà largement pratiqué dans les entreprises et les administrations, le " e-learning " - nom donné à...

The question of the relationship between the spread of communication tools and the physical mobility of individuals is not new and arose with the arrival of the fixed telephone and, more recently, the development of the Internet and especially e-commerce. The extraordinary spread of individual,...

Torre A. and Rallet A. (2005) Proximity and localization, Regional Studies39, 47- 59. The objective of this paper is to pave the way for an analysis of the relations between proximity and localization of activities and people, two notions that are often mistaken for one another. Our method...

This article describes a variety of combinations with regard to proximities (spatial and non-spatial) in inter-firm relations, and identifies their main determinants. The data employed come from a survey of more than 1,400 small and medium-sized firms in the Brittany region (France), which...