The study reviews the performance of four transition countries - Albania, Azerbaijan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Moldova - in the areas of private, and financial sector development, identifying both their achievements, and challenges, to extract beneficial reform efforts, and alternative...

Many of the distortions in poorly performing economies do not originate in the banking sector, but where state banks still control a large share of the resources in the banking system, they continue to pose a risk to macroeconomic and fiscal stability. State banks are typically vehicles for...

This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the evolution of financial sectors in economies transiting from command to market structures. Most commentators have tended to regard this"Transition"as an undifferentiated period to be traversed as rapidly as possible. In doing so they ignore the...

Argentina has been a leader among developing countries in restructuring its banking sector. The authors analyze the performance of those banks before and after privatization and estimate fiscal savings associated with privatizingArgentina's banks rather than keeping them public and later...

Biogas production is an important contemporary topic within agriculture as well as bioenergy production, both from an industrial and an academic point of view. The Danish biogas sector, which has been around for many years, is still struggling to establish itself as an economically viable energy...

Recently, foreign bank participation has increased significantly in developing countries, fueling concerns that foreign banks might extend credit only to certain sectors, leaving customers like small businesses unattended. Using bank-level data for four Latin American countries during the...